9-cis retinoic acid

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9-cis Retinoic Acid

9-cis Retinoic Acid (pronunciation: nine-sis ret-uh-noh-ik as-id) is a form of Vitamin A that plays a crucial role in cell differentiation and embryonic development. It is also known as alitretinoin and is used in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma and skin diseases.

Etymology

The term "retinoic acid" is derived from "retinol," which is another name for Vitamin A. The prefix "9-cis" refers to the specific geometric configuration of the molecule, where the double bond is in the 9th position and the hydrogen atoms are on the same side (cis).

Related Terms

  • Retinoid: A class of chemical compounds that are vitamers of Vitamin A or are chemically related to it.
  • Retinol: A form of Vitamin A that is essential for vision and the growth and differentiation of cells.
  • Isotretinoin: A medication primarily used to treat severe acne, and is a stereoisomer of retinoic acid.
  • Tretinoin: A medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia, and is the all-trans isomer of retinoic acid.

Uses

9-cis Retinoic Acid is used in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma, a type of cancer that develops from the cells that line lymph or blood vessels. It is also used in the treatment of skin diseases such as dermatitis and psoriasis.

Mechanism of Action

9-cis Retinoic Acid works by binding to and activating retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which are members of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. This leads to changes in gene expression that result in cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of tumorigenesis.

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