Abbreviated Injury Scale
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is a globally recognized trauma severity scoring system that allows for the classification and description of individual injuries. Pronounced as /æbˈriːviː.eɪtɪd ˈɪndʒəri skeɪl/, the term originates from the English words "abbreviate" meaning to shorten, "injury" referring to harm or damage, and "scale" denoting a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something.
History
The AIS was first developed in 1969 by the American Association for Automotive Medicine (AAAM) to help in the research of traffic safety and injury severity. It has since been revised and updated several times, with the most recent version (AIS 2005) incorporating updates to coding rules and injury descriptions.
Description
The AIS provides a simple numerical method for ranking and comparing injuries by severity, with scores ranging from 1 (minor) to 6 (unsurvivable). Each injury is assigned an AIS code, which consists of a six-digit number that represents the body region, type of injury, and level of severity.
Use
The AIS is widely used in emergency medicine and trauma surgery to assess injury severity, predict outcomes, and guide treatment decisions. It is also used in injury research and epidemiology, and forms the basis for the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the New Injury Severity Score (NISS).
Related Terms
- Injury Severity Score (ISS): A scoring system used to assess the overall injury severity of a patient. It is calculated based on the AIS scores of the three most severely injured body regions.
- New Injury Severity Score (NISS): An alternative to the ISS that includes the three most severe injuries, regardless of body region.
- Trauma: A physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence.
- Emergency Medicine: A medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of acute illnesses and injuries that require immediate medical attention.
- Trauma Surgery: A surgical specialty that utilizes both operative and non-operative management to treat traumatic injuries.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Abbreviated Injury Scale
- Wikipedia's article - Abbreviated Injury Scale
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