Acanthocheilonemiasis
Acanthocheilonemiasis (pronunciation: a-kan-tho-kei-lo-ne-mi-a-sis) is a rare tropical infectious disease caused by the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema perstans.
Etymology
The term "Acanthocheilonemiasis" is derived from the Greek words "akanthos" (spine), "cheilos" (lip), and "nema" (thread), referring to the characteristic spiny lips of the nematode. The suffix "-iasis" is commonly used in medical terminology to denote a pathological condition.
Causes
Acanthocheilonemiasis is caused by the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema perstans, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of a blood-sucking insect, typically a mosquito. The nematode resides in the human body, primarily in the abdominal cavity, and can cause a variety of symptoms.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Acanthocheilonemiasis can vary widely, from asymptomatic to severe. They may include fever, abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy, eosinophilia, and pericardial effusion. In severe cases, the disease can cause damage to the heart, lungs, and other organs.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Acanthocheilonemiasis is typically made through microscopic examination of a blood sample, where the nematode can be identified. Other diagnostic methods may include serological tests and molecular techniques such as PCR.
Treatment
Treatment for Acanthocheilonemiasis typically involves antiparasitic medications such as diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin. In some cases, surgical removal of the nematode may be necessary.
Prevention
Prevention of Acanthocheilonemiasis primarily involves avoiding mosquito bites in areas where the disease is endemic. This can be achieved through the use of insect repellent, bed nets, and appropriate clothing.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acanthocheilonemiasis
- Wikipedia's article - Acanthocheilonemiasis
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