Acute myocardial infarction
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute myocardial infarction (pronunciation: a-kyoot my-oh-car-dee-ul in-fark-shun), also known as AMI or simply a heart attack, is a medical condition that occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually by a blood clot. This can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.
Etymology
The term "myocardial infarction" is derived from the Greek words "myo" meaning muscle, "cardia" meaning heart, and "infarction" meaning tissue death due to lack of oxygen.
Causes
The most common cause of acute myocardial infarction is coronary artery disease (CAD), in which the arteries that supply blood to the heart become hardened and narrowed. Other causes can include spasm of a coronary artery, torn blood vessel, and blood clot formation.
Symptoms
Symptoms of acute myocardial infarction can include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and sweating. However, symptoms can vary greatly between individuals and between men and women.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is typically based on symptoms, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, and blood tests for cardiac markers such as troponin.
Treatment
Treatment for acute myocardial infarction aims to restore blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible. This can be achieved through medication, angioplasty, or coronary artery bypass surgery.
Prognosis
The prognosis for acute myocardial infarction can vary greatly depending on the extent of heart muscle damage, the patient's overall health, and the speed at which treatment is initiated.
See also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acute myocardial infarction
- Wikipedia's article - Acute myocardial infarction
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