Adult neurogenesis

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Adult neurogenesis

Adult neurogenesis (/əˈdʌlt nʊərəʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/) is the process by which neurons are generated from neural stem cells and progenitor cells in the adult brain. This process is most active during pre-natal development and is responsible for populating the growing brain with neurons. However, it continues throughout adult life in specific regions of the mammalian brain.

Etymology

The term "adult neurogenesis" is derived from the Latin word "adultus" meaning grown up or mature, and the Greek word "genesis" meaning origin or source.

Process

Adult neurogenesis primarily occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The process involves the proliferation of neural stem cells, their migration to specific brain regions, and their differentiation and integration into the existing neural network.

Function

The function of adult neurogenesis is still a topic of ongoing research. However, it is believed to play a crucial role in learning and memory, mood regulation, and response to stress.

Related Terms

  • Neural stem cells: Undifferentiated cells capable of both self-renewal and differentiation into neurons and glial cells.
  • Neuroplasticity: The ability of the brain to change and adapt in response to experience.
  • Neurogenesis: The process of generating new neurons in the brain.
  • Hippocampus: A region of the brain involved in the formation and retrieval of memories.
  • Subventricular zone: A region in the brain where adult neurogenesis occurs.

External links

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