Afamelanotide

Afamelanotide (pronounced as /ˌæfəˌmɛləˈnɒtaɪd/) is a synthetic peptide and analogue of the naturally occurring hormone alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It is used to prevent phototoxicity in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP).

Etymology

The term "Afamelanotide" is derived from the Greek words "melas" meaning black, and "tide" meaning peptide. The prefix "Afa" is an acronym for "alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogue".

Usage

Afamelanotide is used to increase the production of eumelanin in the skin without the need for exposure to harmful ultraviolet radiation. It is particularly beneficial for patients with EPP, a rare genetic disorder that causes severe pain and skin damage when exposed to sunlight.

Mechanism of Action

Afamelanotide works by binding to the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) on the surface of melanocytes. This stimulates the production of eumelanin, a type of melanin that provides some protection against UV radiation.