Afterdamp
Afterdamp
Afterdamp (pronounced: /ˈæftərdæmp/) is a toxic mixture of gases left in a mine following an explosion caused by firedamp, which is primarily composed of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen.
Etymology
The term "afterdamp" is derived from the German word "nachdampf", where "nach" means "after" and "dampf" means "vapour". It was first used in English in the late 19th century to describe the gaseous aftermath of a mine explosion.
Related Terms
- Firedamp: A flammable gas found in coal mines, primarily composed of methane.
- Blackdamp: A mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, found in enclosed spaces such as mines.
- Whitedamp: A colloquial term for carbon monoxide, often found in afterdamp.
- Stinkdamp: A colloquial term for hydrogen sulfide, a toxic gas with a characteristic rotten egg smell.
- Chokedamp: Another term for blackdamp, used to describe the suffocating effect of the gas.
Health Effects
Exposure to afterdamp can lead to a range of health effects, depending on the concentration and duration of exposure. The primary component of concern is carbon monoxide, which can lead to carbon monoxide poisoning. Symptoms can include headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, and confusion. In severe cases, it can cause loss of consciousness and death.
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention of afterdamp exposure primarily involves proper ventilation and monitoring of mine atmospheres. In the event of exposure, treatment involves removing the individual from the exposure and providing oxygen. In severe cases, hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be required.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Afterdamp
- Wikipedia's article - Afterdamp
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