Arboviruses
Arboviruses
Arboviruses (pronounced: /ɑːrboʊˈvaɪrəs/) are a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word "arbovirus" is an acronym (ARthropod-BOrne virus), denoting any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors.
Etymology
The term "arbovirus" was coined from the words "arthropod" and "borne", indicating that these viruses are carried and spread by arthropods. The term was first used in the mid-20th century, during a period of significant research into these types of viruses.
Classification
Arboviruses belong to several virus families, including Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Reoviridae. Each of these families includes multiple species of arboviruses, each with its own unique characteristics and methods of transmission.
Transmission
Arboviruses are primarily transmitted through the bites of infected arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and sandflies. The virus is maintained in nature through a cycle involving the arthropod and a vertebrate host, often a bird or rodent.
Diseases
Arboviruses are responsible for a number of serious diseases in humans, including Zika, Dengue, Yellow Fever, and West Nile Virus. These diseases can cause a range of symptoms, from mild fever and rash to severe neurological symptoms and death.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of arboviruses primarily involves controlling the arthropod vectors and limiting exposure to these vectors. This can include the use of insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and removing standing water where mosquitoes can breed.
Related Terms
- Virus
- Arthropod
- Flaviviridae
- Togaviridae
- Bunyaviridae
- Reoviridae
- Zika virus
- Dengue fever
- Yellow fever
- West Nile virus
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Arboviruses
- Wikipedia's article - Arboviruses
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