Aromatase inhibitors
Aromatase Inhibitors
Aromatase inhibitors (pronunciation: a-ro-ma-tase in-hi-bi-tors) are a class of drugs used primarily in the treatment of breast cancer and ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women.
Etymology
The term "aromatase inhibitor" is derived from the name of the enzyme they inhibit, aromatase, and the action they perform, inhibition. Aromatase is so named because it is involved in the process of aromatization, the conversion of androgens into estrogens.
Function
Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the enzyme aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens in the body. By blocking this conversion, these drugs can reduce the levels of estrogen, which is often beneficial in the treatment of cancers that are sensitive to this hormone.
Types
There are two main types of aromatase inhibitors: steroidal and non-steroidal. Steroidal inhibitors, such as exemestane, work by irreversibly binding to the aromatase enzyme. Non-steroidal inhibitors, such as anastrozole and letrozole, bind reversibly and are competitive inhibitors.
Side Effects
Common side effects of aromatase inhibitors include hot flashes, joint pain, and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Less common but more serious side effects can include heart disease and stroke.
Related Terms
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