Arthrocentesis

Arthrocentesis (pronounced: ar-thro-cen-te-sis), also known as joint aspiration, is a medical procedure where a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain fluid from a joint. This procedure is often used to relieve swelling and pain, as well as to obtain fluid for diagnostic testing.

Etymology

The term "arthrocentesis" is derived from the Greek words "arthro" meaning joint, and "kentesis" meaning puncture.

Procedure

During an Arthrocentesis, the patient is usually seated or lying down, and the area around the joint is cleaned and numbed. A needle is then inserted into the joint space, and fluid is withdrawn. The fluid can be sent to a lab for testing to help diagnose conditions such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and infection.

Risks

While Arthrocentesis is generally safe, there are potential risks including infection, bleeding, and allergic reactions to the local anesthetic. In rare cases, the needle may damage a nerve or blood vessel.

Related Terms

Synovial fluid: The fluid that is withdrawn during an arthrocentesis. It lubricates the joints and nourishes the cartilage.
Joint: The area where two bones are attached for the purpose of permitting body parts to move. A joint is usually formed of fibrous connective tissue and cartilage.
Aspiration: The process of withdrawing fluid from a body cavity or space.