Ataraxia
Ataraxia (pronounced: /ˌætəˈræksiə/) is a term used in philosophy, particularly in Epicureanism and Stoicism, to describe a state of serene calmness or tranquility. The term is derived from the Greek word "ἀταραξία", which means "not disturbed" or "unperturbed".
Etymology
The term "Ataraxia" is derived from the Greek word "ἀταραξία", which is a combination of the prefix "a-" (meaning "not") and "tarachē" (meaning "disturbance"). Thus, the term literally translates to "not disturbed" or "unperturbed".
Philosophical Context
In the context of Epicureanism, ataraxia is the ultimate pleasure, achieved through the absence of bodily pain (aponia) and mental disturbance (ataraxia). It is a state of tranquility that the Epicureans saw as the highest form of happiness.
In Stoicism, ataraxia is a state of serene calmness, free from worry or any other preoccupation. For the Stoics, achieving ataraxia means achieving a state of mind where one is free from emotional disturbance and is thus able to focus on what is truly important in life.
Related Terms
- Eudaimonia: A Greek word commonly translated as happiness or welfare; however, "human flourishing or prosperity" and "blessedness" have been proposed as more accurate translations.
- Aponia: The absence of pain, used by Epicurus and his followers to define the highest pleasure.
- Ataraxy: A synonym for ataraxia, often used in a more general or colloquial context.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ataraxia
- Wikipedia's article - Ataraxia
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