Biomarker
Biomarker
A Biomarker (pronounced: /ˈbaɪoʊˌmɑːrkər/), also known as a biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. The term is also occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates a particular disease state, for example, the presence of an antibody may indicate an infection.
Etymology
The term "Biomarker" is a portmanteau of "biological marker". The term "biological marker" was in use as early as 1950. The abbreviated term "Biomarker" came into common use in the late 20th century.
Definition
Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
Types of Biomarkers
Biomarkers can be classified into different types based on different parameters. They include prognostic biomarkers, predictive biomarkers, pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and surrogate endpoints.
Use in Medicine
In medicine, a biomarker can be a traceable substance that is introduced into an organism as a means to examine organ function or other aspects of health. It can also be a substance whose detection indicates a particular disease state, for example, the presence of an antibody may indicate an infection.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Biomarker
- Wikipedia's article - Biomarker
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