Bone morphogenetic proteins
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors also known as cytokines and as metabologens. Originally discovered by their ability to induce the formation of bone and cartilage, BMPs are now considered to constitute a group of pivotal morphogenetic signals, orchestrating tissue architecture throughout the body.
Pronunciation
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins: /boʊn mɔːrfəˈdʒɛnɪk ˈproʊtiːnz/
Etymology
The term "Bone morphogenetic proteins" is derived from the Greek words "βονε" (bone), "μορφή" (form) and "γεννώ" (to produce). The proteins were first identified for their role in the formation of bone and cartilage, hence the name.
Function
BMPs are involved in a multitude of cellular functions including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. They are part of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, which is a large group of proteins responsible for the regulation of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis.
Related Terms
- Cytokines: A broad and loose category of small proteins that are important in cell signaling.
- Metabologens: Metabolites that regulate the functions of cells, tissues, or organs.
- Transforming growth factor beta: A superfamily of cytokines involved in cell differentiation and embryonic development.
- Cell differentiation: The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type.
- Embryonic development: The process by which the embryo forms and develops.
- Tissue homeostasis: The maintenance of stable conditions in tissues.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bone morphogenetic proteins
- Wikipedia's article - Bone morphogenetic proteins
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