Brain injuries
Brain Injuries
Brain injuries (pronunciation: /breɪn ˈɪndʒəri/) are damages to the brain that occur due to physical trauma or disease. The term is often used to refer to traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), which are caused by an external force such as a blow to the head. However, brain injuries can also be caused by stroke, infection, tumor, or other medical conditions.
Etymology
The term "brain injury" is derived from the Old English words "brægen" (brain) and "injury" (injury), which means damage or harm. The term has been in use since at least the 16th century.
Types of Brain Injuries
There are several types of brain injuries, including:
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): This is caused by a blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain.
- Concussion: This is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head or body, a fall, or another injury that jars or shakes the brain inside the skull.
- Contusion: This is a bruise (bleeding) on the brain caused by a direct blow to the head.
- Coup-Contrecoup Injury: This occurs when the force of an impact causes the brain to slam into the opposite side of the skull.
- Diffuse Axonal Injury: This is caused by shaking or strong rotation of the head, as with Shaken Baby Syndrome, or by rotational forces, such as with a car accident.
Symptoms of Brain Injuries
Symptoms of brain injuries can vary widely depending on the severity of the injury and the area of the brain affected. They may include:
- Headache
- Confusion
- Lightheadedness
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Fatigue
- Behavioral or mood changes
- Trouble with memory, concentration, attention, or thinking
Treatment of Brain Injuries
Treatment for brain injuries can involve a combination of physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, psychological support, and medication. In severe cases, surgery may be required.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Brain injuries
- Wikipedia's article - Brain injuries
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