Branchial arch
Branchial Arch
The Branchial Arch (pronounced: bran-kee-al ark) is a significant anatomical structure found in the embryonic development of both vertebrates and invertebrates.
Etymology
The term "Branchial Arch" is derived from the Greek word "branchia," which means gills, and the Latin word "arcus," which means arch. This term is used because these structures form the gills in fish and analogous structures in the embryos of other animals.
Definition
The Branchial Arch, also known as Pharyngeal Arch, is a series of bony "loops" present in the neck and head region during the embryonic development. These arches give rise to various structures in the head and neck region of vertebrates, including the jaws, several bones, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.
Development
The Branchial Arches develop in a craniocaudal sequence, meaning they form from the head towards the tail. Each arch contains a core of mesoderm, which is covered by ectoderm on the outside and endoderm on the inside. The mesoderm within each arch gives rise to the muscles, blood vessels, and connective tissues, while the ectoderm and endoderm contribute to the formation of the lining of the body cavities and the skin.
Related Terms
- Pharyngeal Pouch: The outpocketings of the endoderm lining the pharynx, which are located between the branchial arches.
- Pharyngeal Groove: The invaginations of the ectoderm on the outside of the embryo, which correspond to the pharyngeal pouches.
- Pharyngeal Apparatus: The collective term for the branchial arches, pharyngeal pouches, and pharyngeal grooves.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Branchial arch
- Wikipedia's article - Branchial arch
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