CNS depressants
CNS Depressants
CNS depressants (pronunciation: /siːɛnɛs dɪˈprɛsənts/), also known as sedatives and tranquilizers, are a category of medications that decrease brain activity. They are often used to treat anxiety, panic attacks, and sleep disorders.
Etymology
The term "CNS depressant" is derived from the full term "Central Nervous System depressant". The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, and a depressant is a substance that reduces the activity or energy of a specific part of the body. Therefore, a CNS depressant reduces the activity or energy of the brain and spinal cord.
Types of CNS Depressants
There are three main types of CNS depressants: Benzodiazepines, Non-Benzodiazepine sleep medications, and Barbiturates.
- Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat acute stress reactions, panic attacks, and convulsions. Examples include Diazepam (Valium) and Alprazolam (Xanax).
- Non-Benzodiazepine sleep medications are used to treat insomnia. Examples include Zolpidem (Ambien) and Eszopiclone (Lunesta).
- Barbiturates are used to treat seizures, insomnia, and anxiety. Examples include Phenobarbital and Secobarbital (Seconal).
Side Effects
Common side effects of CNS depressants include drowsiness, slurred speech, poor concentration, confusion, dizziness, and lack of coordination. Long-term use can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CNS depressants
- Wikipedia's article - CNS depressants
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