Cardiovascular diseases

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Cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (IPA: /ˌkɑːrdi.oʊˈvæskjʊlər diːˈziːz/), also known as CVDs, are a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. The term is derived from the Greek words kardia meaning heart and vasculum meaning small vessel.

Types of Cardiovascular Diseases

There are many types of cardiovascular diseases, some of which include:

  • Coronary artery disease - This is the most common type of heart disease and occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become hardened and narrowed due to the buildup of plaque on the inner walls or lining of the arteries (atherosclerosis).
  • Heart failure - Also known as congestive heart failure, it occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.
  • Arrhythmia - This is a problem with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat, where the heart can beat too fast, too slow, or with an irregular rhythm.
  • Stroke - This occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is cut off. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and begin to die.

Causes

Cardiovascular diseases are caused by a variety of factors including genetics, age, diet, smoking, and lack of physical activity. These factors can lead to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity, which are all risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases involves managing risk factors through healthy eating, regular physical exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke, and limiting alcohol intake. Treatment of cardiovascular diseases typically involves medication, surgery, or cardiac rehabilitation.

See Also

References

External Links

External links

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