Central hypothyroidism

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Central Hypothyroidism

Central hypothyroidism (pronounced as cen-tral hy-po-thy-roi-dism) is a rare form of thyroid disorder where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones due to a problem in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.

Etymology

The term "central hypothyroidism" is derived from the Latin word "centrum" meaning center, and the Greek words "hypo" meaning under, "thyreos" meaning shield, and "eidos" meaning form. This refers to the condition's origin in the central part of the body's endocrine system, specifically the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and the underproduction of thyroid hormones.

Symptoms

Symptoms of central hypothyroidism are similar to those of primary hypothyroidism, but are often less severe. They may include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and depression.

Causes

Central hypothyroidism can be caused by damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland due to surgery, radiation, tumors, or diseases such as Sheehan's syndrome or Lymphocytic hypophysitis. It can also be caused by certain medications, or be present from birth (congenital).

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of central hypothyroidism involves blood tests to measure levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan may also be used to check for abnormalities in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.

Treatment

Treatment for central hypothyroidism typically involves lifelong hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine, a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine.

Related Terms

External links

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