Childhood obesity

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Childhood obesity

Childhood obesity (pronunciation: /ˈtʃaɪldˌhʊd oʊˈbiːsɪti/) is a condition where excess body fat negatively affects a child's health or well-being.

Etymology

The term "obesity" is derived from the Latin obesitas, which means "stout, fat, or plump". "Childhood" is derived from the Old English cildhad, meaning the "state of being a child".

Definition

As methods to determine body fat directly are difficult, the diagnosis of obesity is often based on BMI. Due to the rising prevalence of obesity in children and its many adverse health effects it is being recognized as a serious public health concern.

Causes

The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. Amongst the causes are increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat and sugars but low in vitamins, minerals and other healthy micronutrients, and a decrease in physical activity.

Related Terms

Prevention

Prevention of childhood obesity therefore needs high priority. The intake of high-calorie foods, in particular, should be reduced. Also, the habit of physical activity should be encouraged.

Treatment

Treatment of childhood obesity is not possible as a single dose. It requires a combined effort of child, parents and doctors. Changes in the diet, increase in physical activities and other positive behavioral changes can help treat childhood obesity.

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