Chromosomal disorder
Chromosomal Disorder
A Chromosomal Disorder (pronunciation: kroh-muh-soh-muhl dis-awr-der) is a condition that arises due to abnormalities in the structure or number of chromosomes in an individual's cell.
Etymology
The term "Chromosomal Disorder" is derived from the Greek words "chroma" meaning color and "soma" meaning body, referring to the colored bodies seen under a microscope, and "disorder" from the Latin "dis" meaning apart and "ordo" meaning order, indicating a state of irregularity or confusion.
Definition
A Chromosomal Disorder is a genetic condition that results from an alteration in the number or structure of chromosomes. Most commonly, these disorders are caused by errors during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces gametes.
Types of Chromosomal Disorders
There are several types of Chromosomal Disorders, including:
- Down Syndrome: This is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- Turner Syndrome: This occurs when a female is born with only one X chromosome.
- Klinefelter Syndrome: This happens when a male is born with an extra X chromosome.
- Cri du Chat Syndrome: This is caused by a deletion on chromosome 5.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Chromosomal Disorders can vary greatly depending on the specific disorder, but may include physical abnormalities, developmental delays, and intellectual disabilities.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Chromosomal Disorders typically involves genetic testing, including karyotyping and DNA sequencing.
Treatment
Treatment for Chromosomal Disorders often involves managing symptoms and providing supportive care. In some cases, treatment may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and special education services.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chromosomal disorder
- Wikipedia's article - Chromosomal disorder
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