Chronic mountain sickness
Chronic Mountain Sickness
Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), also known as Monge's disease, is a medical condition that affects individuals living at high altitudes, typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 ft). The condition is characterized by an excessive production of red blood cells in the body's attempt to counteract the low oxygen levels found at high altitudes.
Pronunciation
- Chronic Mountain Sickness: /ˈkrɒnɪk ˈmaʊntɪn ˈsɪknɪs/
- Monge's disease: /ˈmɒnʒz dɪˈziːz/
Etymology
The term "Chronic Mountain Sickness" is derived from the condition's long-term nature and its prevalence in high-altitude environments. The alternative name, "Monge's disease", is named after Dr. Carlos Monge Medrano, a Peruvian physician who first described the condition in the 1920s.
Symptoms
The symptoms of CMS include headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, insomnia, loss of appetite, and cyanosis (a bluish color of the skin and mucous membranes). In severe cases, the condition can lead to heart failure or pulmonary hypertension.
Causes
The primary cause of CMS is long-term exposure to low oxygen levels at high altitudes. The body responds to this lack of oxygen by producing more red blood cells, a condition known as polycythemia. However, this overproduction can thicken the blood and make it harder for the heart to pump, leading to the symptoms of CMS.
Treatment
Treatment for CMS typically involves moving to a lower altitude, if possible. Medications such as acetazolamide and dexamethasone may also be used to help the body acclimate to the high altitude and reduce symptoms.
Related Terms
- Altitude sickness
- Acute Mountain Sickness
- High Altitude Pulmonary Edema
- High Altitude Cerebral Edema
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chronic mountain sickness
- Wikipedia's article - Chronic mountain sickness
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