Coriandrum sativum

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Coriandrum sativum

Coriandrum sativum, commonly known as coriander or cilantro, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. It is native to regions spanning from Southern Europe and Northern Africa to Southwestern Asia.

Pronunciation

Coriandrum sativum is pronounced as koh-ree-AN-drum sah-TEE-vum.

Etymology

The term "Coriandrum" is derived from the Greek word "koris," meaning a stink bug, due to the unpleasant "buggy" smell of the plant's unripe fruits. "Sativum" comes from the Latin word "sativus," meaning sown or planted.

Description

Coriandrum sativum is a soft, hairless plant growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and feathery higher on the flowering stems. The flowers are borne in small umbels, white or very pale pink, asymmetrical, with the petals pointing away from the center of the umbel longer (5–6 mm or 0.20–0.24 in) than those pointing toward it (only 1–3 mm or 0.039–0.118 in long).

Culinary Uses

Coriandrum sativum is used in cuisines throughout the world. The leaves, known as cilantro, are used in a variety of dishes as a garnish or spice. The seeds, known as coriander, are used as a spice and have a lemony citrus flavor when crushed.

Medicinal Uses

Coriandrum sativum has been used in traditional medicine for its potential health benefits. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects.

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