Cortex (hair)
Cortex (hair)
The Cortex (pronounced: /ˈkɔːr.tɛks/), in the context of hair, refers to the thickest layer of a hair strand, located between the cuticle and medulla. The cortex, which makes up the majority of the hair shaft, is responsible for the hair's mechanical strength and water uptake. The cortex also contains the melanin, which gives hair its color.
Etymology
The term "Cortex" is derived from the Latin word 'cortex', which means 'bark' or 'rind'. This is likely due to the cortex's role as a protective layer in both hair and other biological structures.
Structure and Function
The cortex is primarily composed of long, thin keratin fibers and a high concentration of melanin pigments. These keratin fibers are held together by a type of cellular glue known as the cell membrane complex. The arrangement and density of these fibers and pigments in the cortex determine the hair's color, texture, and strength.
Related Terms
- Hair cuticle: The outermost part of the hair shaft that is formed from dead cells, overlapping in layers, which form scales that strengthen and protect the hair shaft.
- Medulla (hair): The innermost layer of the hair shaft, which is not always present, especially in hairs with a smaller diameter.
- Keratin: A type of protein that is the key structural material making up hair, nails, and the outer layer of human skin.
- Melanin: A broad term for a group of natural pigments found in most organisms, responsible for hair and skin color in humans.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cortex (hair)
- Wikipedia's article - Cortex (hair)
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