Critical illness polyneuropathy
Critical illness polyneuropathy (pronunciation: /ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈɪlnɪs ˌpɒliːnjuːˈrɒpəθi/) is a serious neurological condition that can occur in patients who are critically ill. It is characterized by a diffuse, symmetrical, non-length dependent polyneuropathy.
Etymology
The term "Critical illness polyneuropathy" is derived from the Greek words "kritikos" (κρίσις), meaning 'crisis', "illness" from the Old English "seocnes", "poly" (πολύς) meaning 'many', "neuro" (νεῦρον) meaning 'nerve', and "pathy" (πάθος) meaning 'disease'.
Definition
Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is a common complication of critical illness involving both the peripheral nerves and muscles. It is often associated with intensive care unit (ICU) acquired weakness (ICUAW), and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
Symptoms
Symptoms of CIP include muscle weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, and difficulty in weaning from mechanical ventilation. Sensory abnormalities are usually absent.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of CIP is often challenging due to the critical condition of the patients. It is usually based on clinical findings, electrophysiological studies, and exclusion of other causes of weakness.
Treatment
Treatment of CIP primarily involves supportive care, physical therapy, and addressing the underlying critical illness.
Prognosis
The prognosis of CIP varies and is often dependent on the severity of the underlying critical illness. Recovery can take weeks to months, and some patients may have residual weakness.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Critical illness polyneuropathy
- Wikipedia's article - Critical illness polyneuropathy
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