Critical illness polyneuropathy

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Critical illness polyneuropathy (pronunciation: /ˈkrɪtɪkəl ˈɪlnɪs ˌpɒliːnjuːˈrɒpəθi/) is a serious neurological condition that can occur in patients who are critically ill. It is characterized by a diffuse, symmetrical, non-length dependent polyneuropathy.

Etymology

The term "Critical illness polyneuropathy" is derived from the Greek words "kritikos" (κρίσις), meaning 'crisis', "illness" from the Old English "seocnes", "poly" (πολύς) meaning 'many', "neuro" (νεῦρον) meaning 'nerve', and "pathy" (πάθος) meaning 'disease'.

Definition

Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is a common complication of critical illness involving both the peripheral nerves and muscles. It is often associated with intensive care unit (ICU) acquired weakness (ICUAW), and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

Symptoms

Symptoms of CIP include muscle weakness, decreased deep tendon reflexes, and difficulty in weaning from mechanical ventilation. Sensory abnormalities are usually absent.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of CIP is often challenging due to the critical condition of the patients. It is usually based on clinical findings, electrophysiological studies, and exclusion of other causes of weakness.

Treatment

Treatment of CIP primarily involves supportive care, physical therapy, and addressing the underlying critical illness.

Prognosis

The prognosis of CIP varies and is often dependent on the severity of the underlying critical illness. Recovery can take weeks to months, and some patients may have residual weakness.

See also

External links

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