Cytotrophoblast

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Cytotrophoblast

Cytotrophoblast (pronunciation: sy-toh-troh-foh-blast) is a term used in embryology and histology to describe a specific type of cell found within the placenta of mammals during pregnancy.

Etymology

The term "Cytotrophoblast" is derived from the Greek words "kytos" meaning "cell", "trophe" meaning "nourishment", and "blastos" meaning "germ". Thus, the term can be roughly translated to "the germ cell that provides nourishment".

Definition

The Cytotrophoblast is the inner layer of the trophoblast, which is the outermost layer of the blastocyst. It is responsible for the formation of the chorionic villi, which are essential for the establishment of nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and the fetus.

Function

The Cytotrophoblast cells proliferate and differentiate into two distinct types: the syncytiotrophoblast, which forms the outer layer of the placenta and is in direct contact with maternal blood, and the extravillous trophoblast, which invades the maternal endometrium and remodels the maternal spiral arteries.

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