DNA adduct

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DNA Adduct

A DNA adduct (pronounced: /diː.ɛnˈeɪ ˈædʌkt/) is a piece of DNA that has been covalently modified by a chemical compound. This modification can lead to mutations and, in some cases, to cancer.

Etymology

The term "adduct" comes from the Latin word "adductus", which means "drawn towards". In the context of DNA, it refers to a molecule that has been drawn towards and attached to the DNA.

Formation

DNA adducts are formed when a chemical compound, often a carcinogen, reacts with the DNA molecule. This can occur as a result of exposure to certain chemicals, such as those found in tobacco smoke, or as a result of metabolic processes within the body. The formation of DNA adducts is a key step in the process of chemical carcinogenesis.

Detection

The detection of DNA adducts can be achieved through various methods, including mass spectrometry and immunoassay. These methods allow for the identification and quantification of DNA adducts, providing valuable information about the extent of DNA damage and the potential risk of cancer.

Related Terms

  • Carcinogen: A substance capable of causing cancer in living tissue.
  • Covalent bond: A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
  • Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information.
  • Chemical carcinogenesis: The process by which exposure to certain chemicals leads to the development of cancer.

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