Decreased bone density
Decreased Bone Density
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia, is a condition characterized by a lower than normal bone density. Pronounced as /ˌoʊstiːoʊˈpiːniə/, the term is derived from the Greek words "osteon," meaning bone, and "penia," meaning deficiency.
Definition
Decreased bone density is a condition that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. This results in bones that are weaker and more likely to break. It is often a precursor to osteoporosis, a more severe bone loss condition.
Causes
Decreased bone density can be caused by a variety of factors, including aging, certain medications, and lifestyle choices such as lack of exercise and poor nutrition. Certain medical conditions, such as hyperthyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis, can also lead to decreased bone density.
Symptoms
In many cases, decreased bone density has no symptoms until a bone breaks. However, some people may experience back pain, loss of height over time, or a stooped posture.
Diagnosis
Decreased bone density is typically diagnosed through a bone density test, also known as a DEXA scan. This test uses X-rays to measure the amount of calcium and other minerals in a segment of bone.
Treatment
Treatment for decreased bone density often involves lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and improving diet. Medications may also be prescribed to slow bone loss and increase bone density.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Decreased bone density
- Wikipedia's article - Decreased bone density
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