Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (pronunciation: /hɑːrt ˈfeɪljər wɪð prɪˈzɜːrvd ɪˈdʒɛkʃən ˈfrækʃən/), also known as diastolic heart failure, is a type of heart failure in which the ejection fraction - the percentage of blood that leaves the heart with each beat - is normal or above the normal range.
Etymology
The term "heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" is derived from the condition's characteristics. "Heart failure" refers to the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. "Preserved ejection fraction" indicates that the amount of blood pumped out of the heart's left ventricle with each beat (the ejection fraction) is within the normal range.
Symptoms
Symptoms of HFpEF may include fatigue, shortness of breath, and edema (swelling due to fluid retention), particularly in the legs and ankles. These symptoms are similar to those of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but the underlying causes and treatment strategies may differ.
Causes
HFpEF can be caused by conditions that make the heart muscle stiff and less flexible, such as hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetes, and obesity. These conditions can make it harder for the heart to fill with blood during the diastolic (filling) phase of the heartbeat, leading to the symptoms of heart failure.
Treatment
Treatment for HFpEF focuses on managing the underlying conditions that contribute to the heart failure, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. This may involve medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical procedures.
Related terms
- Heart failure: A general term for conditions in which the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
- Ejection fraction: The percentage of blood that leaves the heart with each beat.
- Diastolic heart failure: Another term for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
- Hypertension: High blood pressure, a common cause of HFpEF.
- Diabetes: A disease that affects how your body uses blood sugar, often associated with HFpEF.
- Obesity: A condition characterized by excessive body fat, often linked to HFpEF.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- Wikipedia's article - Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
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