Emulsifiers
Emulsifiers
Emulsifiers (/ɪˈmʌlsɪfaɪər/), also known as emulgents, are substances that stabilize an emulsion by increasing its kinetic stability. They are a type of surface-active agent that work by forming a protective barrier around droplets of one liquid in another, preventing them from joining together and separating.
Etymology
The term "emulsifier" originates from the Latin word "emulsus", the past participle of "emulgere" which means "to milk out". This is in reference to the process of emulsification, which involves the mixing of two liquids that are normally immiscible, similar to the extraction of milk from an animal.
Types of Emulsifiers
There are several types of emulsifiers used in various industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Some common examples include:
- Lecithin: Derived from egg yolks or soybeans, lecithin is used in food products to prevent separation of ingredients.
- Sorbitan Monostearate: This synthetic emulsifier is used in food and cosmetic products.
- Polysorbate 80: Commonly used in ice cream to prevent milk proteins from completely coating the fat droplets.
- Mono- and Diglycerides: These are the most commonly used emulsifiers in food.
Uses
Emulsifiers are used in a wide range of applications, including:
- Food industry: Emulsifiers are used to improve food texture, combine ingredients, and provide a smooth and consistent product.
- Cosmetics industry: In cosmetics, emulsifiers are used to mix water with oils, helping to create a smooth, consistent, and long-lasting product.
- Pharmaceutical industry: Emulsifiers are used in medications to improve texture, stability, and the ability of the medication to be absorbed by the body.
Related Terms
- Emulsion: A mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible.
- Surfactant: A substance that reduces the surface tension of a liquid, allowing it to spread more easily.
- Stabilizer: A substance that maintains the uniform dispersal of substances in a food.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Emulsifiers
- Wikipedia's article - Emulsifiers
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