Endospore

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Endospore

Endospore (pronunciation: /ˈɛndəˌspɔːr/) is a term used in Microbiology to describe a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria from the Firmicutes phylum. The primary function of an endospore is to ensure the survival of a bacterium through periods of environmental stress.

Etymology

The term "Endospore" is derived from the Greek words 'endo,' meaning within, and 'spora,' meaning seed.

Formation

Endospores are formed through a complex developmental process called Sporulation, which usually begins when growth ceases due to lack of nutrients. The bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. This leads to the formation of a forespore, which eventually develops into an endospore.

Resistance

Endospores show remarkable resistance to harsh conditions such as heat, radiation, and chemicals. This resistance is due to the presence of a highly impermeable and protective coat made up of proteins, which can protect the endospore for many years.

Germination

When conditions become favorable, the endospore can reactivate itself to its vegetative state in a process called Germination.

Related Terms

  • Sporulation: The process of endospore formation.
  • Germination: The process by which an endospore returns to its vegetative state.
  • Vegetative State: The active, growing state of bacteria.
  • Firmicutes: A phylum of bacteria, many of which produce endospores.

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