Entamoeba histolytica

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Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba histolytica (/ɛntəˈmiːbə hɪˈstɒlɪtɪkə/) is a protozoan parasite responsible for a disease known as amoebiasis.

Etymology

The name Entamoeba histolytica is derived from three Greek words: entos meaning "within", amoibe meaning "change", and histos meaning "tissue". The term histolytica refers to the organism's ability to destroy host tissues.

Description

Entamoeba histolytica is a single-celled microorganism that primarily infects humans and other primates. It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, either directly by person-to-person contact or indirectly by eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Symptoms

Infection with Entamoeba histolytica can cause a range of symptoms, from mild diarrhea to severe dysentery with blood and mucus in the stool. In some cases, the amoebae can invade the intestinal wall and cause amoebic colitis, or they can spread to other parts of the body, such as the liver, and cause amoebic liver abscess.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica infection is usually made by examining stool samples under a microscope. However, this method is not always reliable because the amoebae can be difficult to distinguish from other similar organisms. More accurate tests, such as serology and PCR, are often needed.

Treatment

Treatment for Entamoeba histolytica infection typically involves a course of antiprotozoal medication, such as metronidazole. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

Prevention

Prevention of Entamoeba histolytica infection involves practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly and drinking only safe water. In areas where the parasite is common, public health measures, such as improved sanitation and health education, are also important.

External links

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