Enzyme inhibition
Enzyme Inhibition
Enzyme inhibition (pronunciation: /ˈɛnzaɪm ɪnˈhɪbɪʃən/) refers to the process where the activity of an enzyme is reduced by a molecule known as an inhibitor. This process is a crucial part of biochemical regulation within organisms.
Etymology
The term 'enzyme inhibition' is derived from the Greek words 'en' (meaning 'in') and 'zyme' (meaning 'leaven'), and the Latin word 'inhibitio' (meaning 'restraining').
Types of Enzyme Inhibition
There are two main types of enzyme inhibition: competitive inhibition and non-competitive inhibition.
- Competitive inhibition occurs when the inhibitor binds to the same active site as the substrate, preventing the substrate from binding.
- Non-competitive inhibition occurs when the inhibitor binds to a different site (allosteric site) on the enzyme, changing the shape of the enzyme and preventing the substrate from binding effectively.
Related Terms
- Substrate: The molecule upon which an enzyme acts.
- Active site: The region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
- Allosteric site: A site on an enzyme other than the active site, to which a regulatory molecule binds.
- Biochemical regulation: The control of biochemical pathways in an organism, often involving enzyme inhibition.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Enzyme inhibition
- Wikipedia's article - Enzyme inhibition
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