Epithelial dysplasia

Epithelial Dysplasia

Epithelial dysplasia (pronounced: epi-thee-lee-al dis-play-zee-uh) is a term used in pathology to refer to an abnormal growth or development of epithelial cells. The term is derived from the Greek words 'epi' meaning 'upon', 'thele' meaning 'nipple', and 'dysplasia' meaning 'abnormal growth or development'.

Definition

Epithelial dysplasia is a pre-cancerous condition characterized by the proliferation of abnormal epithelial cells. It is often associated with a significantly increased risk of developing into cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma.

Types

There are three grades of epithelial dysplasia: mild, moderate, and severe. The grading is based on the extent of cellular abnormalities and the proportion of the epithelium involved.

Causes

Epithelial dysplasia can be caused by a variety of factors, including chronic irritation, exposure to carcinogens such as tobacco and alcohol, and infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

Symptoms

Symptoms of epithelial dysplasia can vary depending on the location and severity of the condition. They may include changes in the color or texture of the skin or mucous membranes, pain, and in some cases, bleeding.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia typically involves a biopsy of the affected tissue, followed by microscopic examination by a pathologist. The pathologist will look for characteristic changes in the size, shape, and organization of the epithelial cells.

Treatment

Treatment for epithelial dysplasia depends on the severity of the condition and may include surgical removal of the affected tissue, cryotherapy, or laser therapy. In some cases, close monitoring may be recommended if the risk of progression to cancer is considered low.

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Epithelial dysplasia