Ergot alkaloid
Ergot Alkaloid
Ergot alkaloids (pronunciation: /ˈɜːrɡət ˈælkəˌlɔɪd/) are a class of alkaloids derived from the fungus Claviceps purpurea, commonly known as the ergot fungus.
Etymology
The term "ergot" comes from the French word "argot" meaning "cock's spur", as the fungus often resembles the spur of a rooster. The term "alkaloid" is derived from the Arabic "al-qali" meaning "plant ashes" and the Greek "eidos" meaning "like", referring to the plant origin and chemical similarity of these compounds.
Types of Ergot Alkaloids
Ergot alkaloids can be classified into two main groups: the water-soluble lysergic acid derivatives and the lipid-soluble ergopeptine derivatives.
Lysergic Acid Derivatives
Lysergic acid derivatives include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), a potent hallucinogen, and ergonovine, used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Ergopeptine Derivatives
Ergopeptine derivatives include ergotamine, used in the treatment of migraines, and bromocriptine, used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and hyperprolactinemia.
Medical Uses
Ergot alkaloids have a wide range of medical uses due to their ability to constrict blood vessels and modify neurotransmission. They are used in the treatment of migraines, postpartum hemorrhage, Parkinson's disease, and hyperprolactinemia, among other conditions.
Related Terms
- Alkaloid
- Claviceps purpurea
- Lysergic acid
- Ergopeptine
- Lysergic acid diethylamide
- Ergonovine
- Ergotamine
- Bromocriptine
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ergot alkaloid
- Wikipedia's article - Ergot alkaloid
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