Eye movement

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Eye Movement

Eye movement refers to the voluntary or involuntary movement of the eyes, aiding in receiving, tracking and perceiving visual stimuli. It is an important part of the sensory system and is controlled by the oculomotor system.

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /aɪ muːvmənt/

Etymology

The term "eye movement" is derived from the Old English "ēage" (eye) and Middle English "moeven" (move).

Types of Eye Movement

There are four main types of eye movement: Saccades, Smooth Pursuit, Vestibulo-ocular Reflex, and Vergence movements.

  • Saccades are quick, simultaneous movements of both eyes in the same direction.
  • Smooth Pursuit movements allow the eyes to closely follow a moving object.
  • Vestibulo-ocular Reflex is a reflex eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head movement.
  • Vergence movements shift the eyes in opposite directions to obtain or maintain single binocular vision.

Control of Eye Movement

The control of eye movement is executed by the Oculomotor Nuclei, a collection of nuclei in the midbrain that control eye movement. The nuclei are connected to the Extraocular Muscles, which are responsible for moving the eye.

Related Terms

  • Oculomotor Nerve: The nerve that controls most of the eye's movements.
  • Optokinetic Reflex: A combination of a saccade and smooth pursuit eye movements.
  • Nystagmus: Involuntary eye movement, which may cause the eye to rapidly move from side to side, up and down, or in a circle.
  • Strabismus: A condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object.

External links

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