Factor X deficiency

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Factor X Deficiency

Factor X deficiency (pronounced: "Factor Ten Deficiency") is a rare blood disorder that affects the body's ability to clot blood, leading to an increased risk of bleeding.

Etymology

The term "Factor X" comes from the Roman numeral for 10, as it was the tenth clotting factor to be discovered. The term "deficiency" refers to the lack or shortage of something, in this case, Factor X.

Definition

Factor X deficiency is a condition characterized by a lack of the Factor X protein in the blood. This protein plays a crucial role in the coagulation cascade, a series of chemical reactions that lead to the formation of a blood clot.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Factor X deficiency can vary greatly among individuals. They may include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from minor wounds, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, blood in the urine (hematuria), and in severe cases, life-threatening internal or external bleeding.

Causes

Factor X deficiency is usually caused by a genetic mutation in the F10 gene, which provides instructions for making Factor X. It is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Factor X deficiency typically involves blood tests to measure the level of Factor X and other clotting factors. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify mutations in the F10 gene.

Treatment

Treatment for Factor X deficiency may include blood transfusions, infusions of clotting factor concentrates, and other supportive measures to control bleeding.

Related Terms

External links

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