Fibroblast growth factor
Fibroblast Growth Factor
Fibroblast Growth Factor (pronunciation: fy-broh-blast grohth fak-ter), often abbreviated as FGF, is a family of growth factors involved in a variety of biological processes.
Etymology
The term "Fibroblast Growth Factor" is derived from the cell type, fibroblast, in which the factor was first discovered. The term "growth factor" refers to the protein's ability to stimulate cell growth and proliferation.
Function
Fibroblast Growth Factors are key players in the processes of proliferation and differentiation of wide variety of cells and tissues. They are critical during normal development of both vertebrates and invertebrates and any irregularities in their function leads to a range of developmental defects.
Types
There are 23 known types of FGFs in humans and other mammals, all of which are structurally related. The most well-known types include FGF1, also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), and FGF2, also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
Clinical Significance
Abnormalities in FGF function or signaling pathways can lead to a variety of medical conditions, including cancer and developmental disorders. For example, mutations in the FGF receptor genes have been associated with several types of skeletal dysplasia, such as Achondroplasia and Thanatophoric dysplasia.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fibroblast growth factor
- Wikipedia's article - Fibroblast growth factor
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