Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (pronounced: fo-kal seg-men-tal glo-mer-u-lo-skler-o-sis), often abbreviated as FSGS, is a disease that affects the kidneys by damaging the glomeruli.

Etymology

The term "Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis" is derived from the Greek words "fokos" meaning "focus", "segmentum" meaning "segment", "glomerulus" referring to the tiny filters in the kidneys, and "sclerosis" meaning "hardening". This term accurately describes the condition where only some (focal) parts of the kidney filters (glomeruli) become scarred (sclerosis).

Definition

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis is a type of glomerular disease and is characterized by scarring (sclerosis) that occurs in some of the glomeruli. The scarring can lead to nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by high levels of protein in the urine, low levels of protein in the blood, high cholesterol levels, and swelling.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis may include edema, foamy urine, weight gain, fatigue, and poor appetite.

Causes

The exact cause of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis is unknown. However, it can be associated with conditions such as HIV infection, obesity, sickle cell disease, and heroin use.

Treatment

Treatment for Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis may include medications to reduce proteinuria and control blood pressure, dietary modifications, and in severe cases, kidney transplantation.

Related Terms

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