Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis (/ɡəˌmiːtoʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek γαμετή gamete "wife" and γέννησις genesis "birth") is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into various haploid gametes, or by mitosis.
Etymology
The term "gametogenesis" is derived from the Ancient Greek words "γαμετή" (gamete), meaning "wife", and "γέννησις" (genesis), meaning "birth". This reflects the process's role in the creation of new life forms.
Process
Gametogenesis involves the formation of haploid cells from diploid cells. The process differs between males and females. In males, it is called spermatogenesis, and in females, it is called oogenesis. Both processes are vital for sexual reproduction.
Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid spermatozoa develop from germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testis. This process starts with the mitotic division of the stem cells located close to the basement membrane of the tubules.
Oogenesis
Oogenesis is the differentiation of the ovum into a cell competent to further develop when fertilized. It is developed from the primary oocyte by maturation.
Related Terms
- Meiosis: A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells.
- Mitosis: A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
- Zygote: The cell formed by the union of two gametes, before it undergoes cleavage.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gametogenesis
- Wikipedia's article - Gametogenesis
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