Gamma Globulin

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Gamma Globulin

Gamma globulin (pronunciation: /ˈɡæmə ˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn/) is a type of protein found in the blood, produced by the immune system to fight against diseases.

Etymology

The term "gamma globulin" originates from the Greek letter gamma (γ), used to denote the third fraction of serum proteins, and "globulin", a term used to describe a family of proteins with similar properties.

Function

Gamma globulin is primarily responsible for the body's immune response. It contains antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, which are proteins that can recognize and bind to specific antigens (foreign substances that induce an immune response).

Types

There are five main types of gamma globulins, classified as IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Each type has a different role in the immune response.

Medical Use

In medicine, gamma globulin injections are used to boost a patient's immunity in a variety of conditions, including hepatitis, measles, and rubella. They are also used in the treatment of immune deficiencies and autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

Related Terms

  • Immunoglobulin: A protein produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes and characteristic of these types of cells. Immunoglobulins play an integral role in the body's immune response.
  • Antibody: A blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances that the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.
  • Antigen: A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.

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