Glycemic control
Glycemic Control
Glycemic control (pronunciation: /ɡlaɪˈsiːmɪk kənˈtroʊl/) refers to the process of maintaining normal blood sugar levels in the body. The term is primarily used in the context of managing diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels.
Etymology
The term "glycemic control" is derived from the Greek word "glykys," meaning sweet, and the Latin word "control," meaning to check or verify. It was first used in medical literature in the late 20th century as research into diabetes and blood sugar management advanced.
Related Terms
- Glycemic index: A measure of how quickly a food can raise blood sugar levels.
- Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): A form of hemoglobin that is chemically linked to a sugar. The higher the level of glucose in the blood, the higher the level of HbA1c.
- Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood.
- Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by an excessively high level of glucose in the blood.
- Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood.
Importance of Glycemic Control
Glycemic control is crucial for managing diabetes and preventing complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. It involves monitoring blood sugar levels, adjusting diet and exercise, and taking medication or insulin as prescribed.
Methods of Glycemic Control
There are several methods to achieve glycemic control:
- Dietary management: Consuming a balanced diet with appropriate proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can help maintain stable blood sugar levels.
- Physical activity: Regular exercise can help lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
- Medication/Insulin therapy: Depending on the type of diabetes, medication or insulin may be required to manage blood sugar levels.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Glycemic control
- Wikipedia's article - Glycemic control
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