Goitrogen

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Goitrogen

Goitrogen (/ɡɔɪˈtrɒdʒən/) is a substance that inhibits the function of the thyroid gland by interfering with iodine uptake, which can, as a result, cause an enlargement of the thyroid, known as a goiter.

Etymology

The term "goitrogen" is derived from the word "goiter," which means an enlarged thyroid, and "-gen," a suffix from Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai), meaning 'to become'.

Types of Goitrogens

Goitrogens can be found in various foods, especially in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower. Other sources include soy products, peanuts, and strawberries. There are two main types of goitrogens: those that inhibit the uptake of iodine into the thyroid gland (perchlorates, thiocyanates) and those that inhibit the incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin (flavonoids, isoflavones).

Effects of Goitrogens

The consumption of goitrogenic foods can lead to the development of a goiter, especially in individuals with an iodine deficiency. However, in most cases, these foods are not harmful unless consumed in large amounts. Cooking can deactivate some types of goitrogens.

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