Graft versus host disease
Graft-versus-host disease
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a medical condition that can occur after an allogeneic tissue transplant. It is pronounced as /ɡræft vɜːrsəs hoʊst dɪˈziːz/.
Etymology
The term "Graft-versus-host disease" is derived from the medical procedure it is associated with. A "graft" is a transplanted organ or tissue, and "host" refers to the recipient of the transplant. The "versus" indicates the conflict between the transplanted cells and the recipient's body, which leads to the disease.
Definition
GVHD occurs when the donated bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells view the recipient's body as foreign, and the donated cells/bone marrow attack the body. This condition is a common complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Symptoms
Symptoms of GVHD can vary, but often include skin rash, liver dysfunction, and digestive tract disturbance. The severity of these symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening.
Types
There are two main types of GVHD: acute and chronic. Acute GVHD typically occurs within the first six months after transplantation, while Chronic GVHD can occur at any time after transplantation and can last for a long time.
Treatment
Treatment for GVHD typically involves medications that suppress the immune system (immunosuppressants), and other supportive treatments.
Related Terms
- Allogeneic tissue transplant
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- Immunosuppressants
- Acute GVHD
- Chronic GVHD
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Graft versus host disease
- Wikipedia's article - Graft versus host disease
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