HSV-2
HSV-2
HSV-2 or Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (pronounced: /ˈhɜːrpiːz ˈsɪmplɛks ˈvaɪrəs taɪp tuː/) is a virus that primarily causes genital herpes, a sexually transmitted infection.
Etymology
The term "herpes" comes from the Greek word "herpein," which means "to creep," referring to the nature of the virus that creeps along nerve pathways. "Simplex" is Latin for "simple" or "uncomplicated," indicating the straightforward nature of the virus's structure and behavior. The designation "Type 2" distinguishes this strain from HSV-1, which primarily causes oral herpes.
Symptoms
HSV-2 is characterized by painful sores in the genital or rectal area. However, many people with HSV-2 do not exhibit visible symptoms but can still spread the virus to others. When symptoms do occur, they are often referred to as "outbreaks" and can include painful blisters, ulcers, itching, and fever.
Transmission
HSV-2 is primarily transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person during an outbreak or asymptomatic shedding of the virus. It can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth if the mother has an active infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of HSV-2 typically involves a physical examination and laboratory testing, such as a PCR test or a viral culture of a lesion. Blood tests can also detect antibodies to the virus, indicating a past or present infection.
Treatment
While there is no cure for HSV-2, antiviral medications like acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir can help manage symptoms, reduce the frequency of outbreaks, and lower the risk of transmitting the virus to others.
Prevention
Prevention strategies for HSV-2 include the use of condoms during sexual activity, regular testing for sexually transmitted infections, and antiviral therapy for those with diagnosed HSV-2 to reduce the risk of transmission.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on HSV-2
- Wikipedia's article - HSV-2
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