Hemifacial microsomia
Hemifacial Microsomia (pronunciation: heh-mee-fay-shul my-kro-soh-mee-uh) is a congenital disorder that affects the development of the lower half of the face, most commonly the ear, mouth and jaw. It is the second most common facial birth defect after cleft lip and palate.
Etymology
The term "Hemifacial Microsomia" is derived from the Greek words 'hemi' (half), 'facies' (face), and 'micros' (small), which together mean "small half face".
Symptoms
The symptoms of Hemifacial Microsomia can vary greatly from person to person. The most common symptoms include:
- Underdevelopment of one side of the face
- Malformation of the ear
- Dental problems
- Cleft lip and/or palate
- Breathing and swallowing difficulties
Causes
The exact cause of Hemifacial Microsomia is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some researchers believe that a disruption in blood flow to the face during fetal development may play a role.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Hemifacial Microsomia is typically made at birth or shortly thereafter, based on the physical characteristics of the baby. Imaging tests such as Computed Tomography (CT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition.
Treatment
Treatment for Hemifacial Microsomia is usually multidisciplinary and may include surgery, orthodontics, and speech therapy. The goal of treatment is to improve function and appearance.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hemifacial microsomia
- Wikipedia's article - Hemifacial microsomia
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