Hydrazine

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Hydrazine

Hydrazine (/ˈhaɪdrəziːn/ HY-drə-zeen) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N2H4. It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colorless and flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odor.

Etymology

The term "hydrazine" comes from the German word "Hydrazin", which is derived from "Hydrat", meaning hydrate, and "Az", the German term for nitrogen. The suffix "-ine" is added to denote its status as a binary compound of nitrogen.

Related Terms

  • Ammonia: A compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3. It is a colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell.
  • Pnictogen: Any of the chemical elements in group 15 of the periodic table, including nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and perhaps moscovium.
  • Hydride: The anion of hydrogen, H, or, more commonly, it refers to compounds in which hydrogen is combined with another element.
  • Inorganic compound: Any compound that is not an organic compound. Inorganic compounds are typically mineral, or geologically-based, compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Pronunciation

Hydrazine is pronounced as /ˈhaɪdrəziːn/ HY-drə-zeen.

Uses

Hydrazine is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams, but significant applications also include its uses as a precursor to polymerization catalysts, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, as well as a long-term storable propellant for in-space spacecraft propulsion.

Health Effects

Exposure to hydrazine can cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, dizziness, headache, nausea, pulmonary edema, seizures, and coma in humans. It may also damage the liver, kidneys, and central nervous system. The liquid is corrosive and may produce dermatitis from skin contact in humans and animals.

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