Hydrothorax
Hydrothorax
Hydrothorax (/ˌhaɪdrəˈθɔːræks/) is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural cavity, the space that surrounds the lungs. This condition can lead to difficulty in breathing and other respiratory complications.
Etymology
The term "hydrothorax" is derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water, and "thorax" meaning chest. Thus, it literally translates to "water in the chest."
Causes
Hydrothorax is often caused by conditions that disrupt the normal balance of fluid production and absorption in the pleural cavity. These conditions may include congestive heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease, and lung cancer. It can also occur as a complication of medical procedures such as thoracentesis.
Symptoms
The symptoms of hydrothorax may vary depending on the amount of fluid accumulation and the underlying cause. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hydrothorax typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or CT scan. In some cases, a sample of the pleural fluid may be taken for analysis to help determine the cause.
Treatment
Treatment for hydrothorax aims to remove the excess fluid from the pleural cavity and treat the underlying cause. This may involve procedures such as thoracentesis or pleurodesis, and medications to manage the underlying condition.
Related Terms
- Pleural effusion: A broader term for any abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity.
- Pneumothorax: A condition where air accumulates in the pleural cavity, causing the lung to collapse.
- Hemothorax: A condition where blood accumulates in the pleural cavity.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hydrothorax
- Wikipedia's article - Hydrothorax
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