Interactome
Interactome
The Interactome (/ɪnˈtɛræktəʊm/) is a comprehensive set of molecular interactions in a particular cell. The term specifically refers to the physical contacts between proteins, but can also describe other molecules interactions such as between proteins and nucleic acids.
Etymology
The term "Interactome" is derived from the words "interaction" and "genome". It was first coined in 1999 by a group of French scientists to describe the protein-protein interactions they were studying in yeast.
Related Terms
- Proteome: The entire set of proteins that is, or can be, expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a certain time.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI): The physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events and/or electrostatic forces.
- Nucleic Acids: Biopolymers, or large biomolecules, essential for all known forms of life.
Interactome Studies
Interactome studies involve the use of various techniques to identify and quantify physical interactions between molecules. These techniques include Yeast Two-Hybrid Screening, Affinity Purification followed by Mass Spectrometry, and Protein Microarrays. The data generated from these studies is used to create interaction networks which can provide insights into the function and regulation of proteins, and the complex biological processes in which they are involved.
Importance
Understanding the Interactome is crucial for the comprehension of cellular processes and functions. It can also provide insights into disease mechanisms, as alterations in molecular interactions can lead to pathological conditions. Therefore, Interactome studies can contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Interactome
- Wikipedia's article - Interactome
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