Invasive candidiasis

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Invasive Candidiasis

Invasive candidiasis (pronounced: in-vey-siv kan-di-dai-uh-sis) is a severe systemic infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Candida. The term originates from the Latin word invasivus, meaning attacking, and the Greek word kandida, referring to the genus of yeasts.

Definition

Invasive candidiasis is a bloodstream infection that occurs when Candida species enter the blood, causing deep tissue infections and spreading throughout the body. This condition is most common in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Symptoms

Symptoms of invasive candidiasis can vary depending on the area of the body that is affected. They may include fever and chills that do not improve with antibiotics, pain or tenderness in the infected area, and, in severe cases, organ dysfunction.

Causes

Invasive candidiasis is caused by various species of Candida, with Candida albicans being the most common. Other species include Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis. These fungi are normally present in the human body but can cause infection when the immune system is compromised.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis often involves blood tests to detect the presence of Candida species. Other diagnostic methods may include imaging studies, tissue biopsy, and cultures of body fluids.

Treatment

Treatment for invasive candidiasis typically involves antifungal medications, such as fluconazole, amphotericin B, and echinocandins. The choice of medication depends on the species of Candida causing the infection and the patient's overall health status.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for invasive candidiasis include proper infection control practices in healthcare settings, prophylactic use of antifungal medications in high-risk individuals, and maintaining a healthy immune system through balanced nutrition and regular exercise.

Related Terms

  • Candidemia: A condition where Candida species are present in the blood.
  • Candida: A genus of yeasts that can cause infections in humans.
  • Immunosuppression: A reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system.
  • Antifungal: A medication used to treat fungal infections.

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