Lampbrush chromosome

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Lampbrush Chromosome

Lampbrush Chromosome (pronunciation: lam-brush kroh-muh-sohm) is a type of chromosome that is visible during the meiosis phase of cell division. The name is derived from its brush-like appearance, similar to a lampbrush.

Etymology

The term "Lampbrush Chromosome" was coined due to the chromosome's resemblance to a lamp cleaning brush. The term was first used in the late 19th century by German biologist Walther Flemming, who is also known for his significant contributions to the field of cytogenetics.

Description

Lampbrush Chromosomes are typically found in the oocytes (immature eggs) of animals, especially during the prophase of meiosis I. They are one of the largest known chromosomes and can extend up to several hundred times the length of a typical metaphase chromosome.

The unique structure of Lampbrush Chromosomes allows for extensive transcription of RNA, which is necessary for the development of the oocyte. The chromosomes are characterized by their "loops," which are regions of active transcription.

Related Terms

  • Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
  • Meiosis: A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
  • Oocyte: A cell in an ovary which may undergo meiotic division to form an ovum.
  • Transcription (genetics): The first step of gene expression, where the DNA sequence is copied into RNA.
  • RNA: Ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.

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